Care Atlas

Industry payments to physicians · 2024 · CMS Open Payments

What does the drug and device industry pay your doctors?

Under the federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, drug and device manufacturers must report every payment and transfer of value they make to physicians and other clinicians, and Medicare publishes it. For 2024, that came to $2.64B in general payments — meals, travel, consulting, speaking, and royalties — to 986,172 covered recipients (physicians plus other clinicians such as physician assistants and nurse practitioners), plus $8.38B tied to research and $1.34B in ownership or investment interests.

A payment is a disclosed tie — not proof of anything wrong.

Open Payments exists so financial relationships between industry and medicine are visible, not because they are wrong. Most are entirely legitimate: a research grant, a fee for genuine consulting or teaching, or a royalty a physician earns on a device they themselves invented — which is why a handful of prolific inventor-surgeons sit at the very top of the list below. This is a record to follow the money with, not a verdict on any doctor, and never advice about your own care.

$2.64B
general payments (2024)
986,172
covered recipients paid
$2,675
mean per recipient
$8.38B
research (separate)

Which specialties does industry pay most?

General payments by physician specialty (2024). Bar = total dollars; the figure on the right is the average per physician — the sharper signal, since some small specialties take a lot per head.

Orthopaedic Surgery $368M
Endodontics $102M
Neurology $90M
Dermatology $87M
Neurological Surgery $83M
Gastroenterology $67M
Psychiatry $67M
Internal Medicine $67M
Cardiovascular Disease $65M
Family $65M
Hematology & Oncology $65M
Surgery $62M
Orthopaedic Surgery of the Spine $60M
Ophthalmology $60M
Unspecified $58M
Physician Assistant $53M
Family Medicine $50M
Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery $49M
Sports Medicine $48M
Pulmonary Disease $45M
Interventional Cardiology $44M
Rheumatology $38M
Medical Oncology $38M
Urology $35M
Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology $32M

The highest-paid physicians

By total general payments, 2024. The largest figures are overwhelmingly device royalties paid to the surgeon-inventors who designed the implants — disclosure, not wrongdoing.

Charles Goodis Endodontics · Albuquerque, NM · top payer: Edge Endo LLC $91M
Robert Medoff Orthopaedic Surgery · Kailua, HI · top payer: Henry Schein, Inc. $27M
Nitin Goyal Orthopaedic Surgery · Arlington, VA · top payer: Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. $25M
Ivan Osorio Neurology · Kansas City, KS · top payer: LivaNova USA, Inc. $17M
Stephen Burkhart Orthopaedic Surgery · San Antonio, TX · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $17M
Kevin Foley Neurological Surgery · Memphis, TN · top payer: Medtronic, Inc. $17M
Roger Jackson Orthopaedic Surgery of the Spine · North Kansas City, MO · top payer: Alphatec Spine, Inc $11M
Daniel Schwartz Ophthalmology · San Francisco, CA · top payer: RxSight Inc $8M
Erik Kubiak Orthopaedic Surgery · Las Vegas, NV · top payer: Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. $7M
William Binder Plastic Surgery Within the Head and Neck · Beverly Hills, CA · top payer: AbbVie Inc. $7M
Mark Frankle Orthopaedic Surgery · Temple Terrace, FL · top payer: ENCORE MEDICAL, LP $7M
George Maxwell Plastic Surgery · Nashville, TN · top payer: AbbVie Inc. $7M
Neal Elattrache Sports Medicine · Los Angeles, CA · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $7M
Anthony Romeo Orthopaedic Surgery · New York, NY · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $5M
Peter Ullrich Surgery · Appleton, WI · top payer: Medtronic, Inc. $5M
Anthony Nunez Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) · Orlando, FL · top payer: Edwards Lifesciences Corporation $5M
Paul Brady Orthopaedic Surgery · Knoxville, TN · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $5M
Mark Lobanoff Ophthalmology · St Louis Park, MN · top payer: Alcon Research LLC $5M
Lawrence Lenke Orthopaedic Surgery · New York, NY · top payer: Medtronic, Inc. $4M
Helen Thackray Pediatrics · Washington, DC · top payer: AbbVie Inc. $4M
Regis Haid Neurological Surgery · Atlanta, GA · top payer: Globus Medical, Inc. $4M
John Carbone Orthopaedic Surgery of the Spine · Baltimore, MD · top payer: Stryker Corporation $4M
Benjamin Domb Sports Medicine · Des Plaines, IL · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $4M
Dwight Koeberl Pediatrics · Durham, NC · top payer: Asklepios Biopharmaceutical Inc. $3M
Colin Poole Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery · Boise, ID · top payer: Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. $3M
Edward Cain Sports Medicine · Birmingham, AL · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $3M
Alexander Frank Family Medicine · Oklahoma City, OK · top payer: Skye Orthobiologics LLC $3M
Ryan Molis General Practice · Burr Ridge, IL · top payer: Align Technology, Inc. $3M
Paul Tornetta Orthopaedic Surgery · Boston, MA · top payer: Smith+Nephew, Inc. $3M
Lee Kaplan Sports Medicine · Miami, FL · top payer: Smith+Nephew, Inc. $3M
Peter Millett Sports Medicine · Vail, CO · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $3M
Jeffrey Dugas Orthopaedic Surgery · Birmingham, AL · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $3M
Christian Eversull Internal Medicine · Stanford, CA · top payer: Medtronic, Inc. $3M
Aaron Hofmann Orthopaedic Surgery · Salt Lake City, UT · top payer: Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc. $3M
Robert Gorab Orthopaedic Surgery · Orange, CA · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $3M
Stanford Peng Rheumatology · Seattle, WA · top payer: Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated $3M
Patrick Denard Orthopaedic Surgery · Medford, OR · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $3M
John Pesando Hematology & Oncology · Seattle, WA · top payer: Beckman Coulter, Inc. $2M
Richard Chesbrough Diagnostic Radiology · Bingham Farms, MI · top payer: Bard Peripheral Vascular, Inc. $2M
Reuben Gobezie Orthopaedic Surgery · Cleveland, OH · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $2M
Evan Lederman Orthopaedic Surgery · Phoenix, AZ · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $2M
Asheesh Bedi Orthopaedic Surgery · Ann Arbor, MI · top payer: Arthrex, Inc. $2M
Roy Sanders Orthopaedic Surgery · Temple Terrace, FL · top payer: Smith+Nephew, Inc. $2M
Daniel Berry Orthopaedic Surgery · Rochester, MN · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $2M
Joel Matta Orthopaedic Surgery · Vail, CO · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $2M
Thomas Fehring Orthopaedic Surgery · Charlotte, NC · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $2M
Steven Haddad Orthopaedic Surgery · Glenview, IL · top payer: Stryker Corporation $2M
John Callaghan Orthopaedic Surgery · Iowa City, IA · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $2M
Stuart Fromm Orthopaedic Surgery · Rapid City, SD · top payer: DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. $2M
Clifford Ruddle Endodontics · Santa Barbara, CA · top payer: Dentsply Sirona Inc $2M

Looking for a specific doctor? This page is the national overview. To check whether — and how much — an individual physician was paid, search the full per-physician records by name at Is your doctor paid by industry? →

By state

Open a state for its total, its highest-paid specialties, and its top-paid physicians.

California $302M · $3,186/phys Texas $204M · $2,456/phys Florida $203M · $2,513/phys New York $194M · $2,916/phys Pennsylvania $105M · $2,457/phys Illinois $101M · $2,723/phys New Mexico $97M · $20,675/phys Ohio $92M · $2,364/phys North Carolina $88M · $2,670/phys Tennessee $79M · $3,205/phys Virginia $77M · $3,195/phys Massachusetts $69M · $3,353/phys Georgia $68M · $2,058/phys Michigan $67M · $2,099/phys Arizona $61M · $2,840/phys New Jersey $58M · $1,920/phys Missouri $53M · $2,653/phys Colorado $52M · $3,149/phys Maryland $50M · $2,543/phys Minnesota $49M · $4,673/phys Washington $42M · $2,690/phys Indiana $39M · $1,977/phys Kentucky $35M · $2,126/phys South Carolina $34M · $1,974/phys Hawaii $33M · $9,036/phys Kansas $32M · $3,676/phys Alabama $32M · $1,953/phys Connecticut $31M · $2,526/phys Wisconsin $30M · $2,704/phys Utah $29M · $3,410/phys Louisiana $29M · $1,724/phys Nevada $27M · $3,160/phys Oklahoma $22M · $2,019/phys District of Columbia $20M · $5,784/phys Oregon $18M · $2,089/phys Mississippi $14M · $1,478/phys Iowa $14M · $1,903/phys Arkansas $13M · $1,497/phys Idaho $12M · $2,506/phys Nebraska $9M · $1,283/phys West Virginia $8M · $1,400/phys Puerto Rico $8M · $1,166/phys New Hampshire $7M · $1,994/phys South Dakota $7M · $2,522/phys Rhode Island $7M · $2,219/phys Delaware $3M · $1,022/phys Maine $3M · $1,164/phys Montana $3M · $981/phys North Dakota $2M · $835/phys Wyoming $2M · $1,505/phys Alaska $2M · $916/phys Vermont $1M · $2,848/phys

RECORDED — the payment amounts and transaction counts are CMS's published Open Payments figures for program year 2024. DERIVED — the totals, per-physician means, and rankings are sums over those records. General, research, and ownership are kept separate.

Machine-readable: JSON-LD · Markdown · Source: CMS — Open Payments (Physician Payments Sunshine Act), program year 2024

What this is — and is not

A disclosure record of financial ties between industry and physicians — not evidence that any payment improperly influenced care, not a measure of a physician's quality, and not advice about your own doctor or treatment. Payments reflect many legitimate activities; the value of disclosure is that you can see the relationship and ask about it. To check an individual clinician, use the per-clinician search, or the upstream CMS Open Payments directly.